Italy: LNG infrastructure

• Eni · ENI

Chokepoint exposure is shown on each terminal page, taken from a hand-maintained trade-lane table. It is an editorial routing model of typical laden voyages, not vessel tracking. The exposure feed aggregates it by chokepoint.

• Austria
• France
• Slovenia
• Switzerland

• Germany
• Spain
• United Kingdom
• Montenegro
• Portugal
• Russia

• Countries by LNG import capacityRanked #15 of the 48 listed
• Countries by gas pipeline lengthRanked #17 of the 50 listed

• FSRU versus onshore regasification

  An FSRU is a ship that stores LNG and turns it back into gas while moored, doing the job of an onshore import terminal without the onshore construction.

• LNG and maritime chokepoints

  A maritime chokepoint is a narrow strait or canal that a large share of seaborne trade must pass through, and LNG exposure to them depends entirely on which exporting region supplies which importing market.

• How LNG works

  Liquefied natural gas is natural gas chilled to about minus 162 degrees Celsius, at which point it becomes a liquid roughly 600 times smaller than the gas, so it can be shipped where no pipeline runs.

• LNG against pipeline gas

  A pipeline delivers gas at lower cost than LNG over land up to roughly two to four thousand kilometres, beyond which liquefaction wins, and across any significant body of deep water LNG usually wins at any distance.